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Estudo para EBD - Tema: O Verdadeiro sentido da Páscoa - Professor Josias Moura
Estudo para EBD – Tema: O Verdadeiro sentido da Páscoa ▶ Clique nos tópicos deste índice para navegar pelo texto
Toggle O VERDADEIRO SENTIDO DA PÁSCOAExodo 12: 1-14
INTRODUÇÃO: È de origem grega, que por, sua vez, foi tirado do verbo hebraico PASOH que quer dizer “Passar além, passar por cima”.
No hebraico, a palavra descreve a passagem do anjo da morte, quando seriam mortos todos os primogênitos do Egito e poupados os dos israelitas.
I – A PÁSCOA PARA ISRAEL a) INSTITUIÇÃO – Foi instituída no Egito para comemorar o acontecimento culminante da redenção de Israel. Ex. 12: 14.
b) ELEMENTOS DA PÁSCOA
CORDEIRO – Representavam o preço da redenção e libertação de Israel do Egito; o sacrifício.OS PÃES AMOS – Revelavam a pressa com que abandonariam a terra do Egito. A farinha amassada sem ter recebido o fermento, por falta de tempo.ERVAS AMARGAS – Ou alface agreste, recordavam a opressão do Egito, a amargura do cativeiro, além de dar melhor sabor á carne do cordeiro.SANGUE – Representa a expiação.c) RITUAL DA CELEBRAÇÃO DA PÁSCOA
Deveriam tomar para si o Cordeiro. Ex.12.3 A família deveria participar e comer todo o cordeiro. Caso a família fosse pequena, deveria juntar-se a outra vizinha. Ex.12.4 O Cordeiro seria sem mácula de um ano de idade e primogênito. Deveria ser assado inteiro e comido com pães asmos e ervas amargas. Ex. 12.8. d) SÍMBOLO NEOTESTAMENTÁRIO
O Cordeiro – Simboliza Cristo, a libertação do pecado – Jo.1.36. João afirmou: “Eis o Cordeiro de Deus que tira o pecado do mundo”.
Era sem defeito – Ex.125; I Pe. 1.18-19. Foi sacrificado, no entanto seus ossos não foram quebrados. Ex. 12.46; Sl. 34.20; Jo. 19.36. O sangue foi derramado para a expiação dos pecados: era o penhor da salvação. Ex. 12.13; I Jo. 1.7 Foi comido na páscoa. Mat. 26.26 Os pães asmos – Simbolizam pureza. O pão deveria ser sem fermento.
A proibição baseava-se em que o fermento é um agente de decomposição e servia de símbolo da corrupção moral, e também de doutrinas falsas. Mt.16.11; Mc.8.15. Na nossa comunhão com Cristo não pode haver impureza. A ausência do fermento simboliza a santidade de vida que no serviço de Deus. Ervas amargas – simbolizavam a amargura que o cordeiro iria passar e a amargura das almas humanas por causa do pecado. Hoje, todas as vezes que celebramos a Ceia do Senhor, relembramos o grande feito da nossa redenção feita não por Cordeiro, não mais por um cativeiro físico, mas pelo próprio filho de Deus.
“Podemos dizer que o Egito foi o Calvário da nação hebraica, como o Calvário de Jerusalém foi o nosso Calvário”.
Sangue – A garantia do perdão – “sem derramamento de sangue não há remissão de pecados”, Heb. 9.22. O Sangue de Jesus Cristo, seu filho, nos purifica de todo o pecado. I Jo. 1.7. O pecado do homem foi coberto pelo sangue propiciatório do cordeiro de Deus.
II – A PÁSCOA NOS NOSSOS DIAS E OS SEUS SÍMBOLOS a) INSTITUÇÃO – A festividade da páscoa foi fixada pelo Concílio de Nicéia em 325 d.C. É uma festa anual da Igreja Católico Romana, comemora a ressurreição de Cristo.
b) OS SÍMBOLOS
O coelho – Substituíram o cordeiro pelo coelho, como símbolo de fecundidade (chegando até produzir aproximadamente cento e dez filhotes por ano). Apareceu por volta de 1915, na França. A sua cor e sua rapidez contribuíram para o seu lugar na simbologia. Dizem mais que ele representa a morte e a ressurreição de Cristo pelo fato de alguns que habitam em lugares frios e nevados hibernam e só saem da caverna quando chegam à primavera. Sabemos que não podemos aceitar tamanha aberração, pois em toda a Bíblia encontramos o Cordeiro e não o coelho como símbolo de Cristo.
O ovo – Para muitos o ovo significa o começo, origem de tudo. Quando incubado, dele sai vida, porque nele está contido a vida. Em Cristo porem, não está contido a vida, Ele é a própria vida. João 11.25.Está presente na mitologia antiga, nas religiões do oriente, nas tradições populares e numa grande parte da Cristandade. Na idade média os europeus adotaram o costume chinês de enfeitar o ovo. Em 1928 surgiram os ovos de chocolate que industrializaram em larga escala. No século XVIII a Igreja Católica Romana adotou oficialmente o ovo como símbolo da ressurreição de Cristo.
O peixe – É símbolo de Cristianismo. Dizem que no passado quando os cristãos se reuniam, faziam desenho de um peixe. Na semana santa, não comem carne, por causa do corpo de Cristo e substituíram a carne por peixe, mas na páscoa judaica comiam cordeiro.
Estes símbolos modernos são uma mistura de mitologia pagã com a simbologia cristã paganizada.
III – A PÁSCOA PARA OS EVANGÉLICOS Para os evangélicos, a Páscoa tem apenas valor histórico, figurativo e espiritual. O que tem sentido e valor para nós é a Ceia do Senhor, pois Jesus quando comeu a última páscoa com seus apóstolos antes do sofrimento, deu um caráter todo especial ao acontecimento. Lc. 22.15. Ele estava instituindo a Ceia que, para nós, os cristãos, substituía a páscoa – Lc. 22.15-20.
A Páscoa Bíblica, portanto, consumou-se em Cristo, que a instituiu como um novo memorial – a sua Ceia, na qual o crente comemora a morte do Senhor até que Ele venha. Não há no Novo Testamento mais lugar para a páscoa ou outras festividades mosaicas, as quais foram abolidas na cruz, juntamente com outras ordenanças, como sombras das coisas futuras, espirituais, pertencentes à dispensação da graça.
CONCLUSÃO O apóstolo Paulo nos adverte em sua I carta a Timóteo, 4. 1-3, a não envolvemos com tais tradições mas, nós que provamos do novo nascimento, que tornou-se real com o sacrifício do filho de Deus, o verdadeiro Cordeiro pascoal, recordemos-nos do Calvário constantemente independente de uma data fixada no calendário anual. Temos em nós esse Cristo ressurreto. Aleluia!
Pr. Josias Moura de Menezes
BIBLIOGRAFIA
ALMEIDA, Abraão de. Babilônia ontem e hoje . Rio de Janeiro: CPAD, 1982. ALMEIDA, João Ferreira de, Bíblia Sagrada . Edição Revista e Corrigida.São Paulo: Editora Vida, 1985. BOYER, O. S. Pequena enciclopédia bíblica . 8 ed. Miami, Flórida: Editora Vida, 1981. DAVIS, John. Dicionário da bíblia . 22 ed. São Paulo:Agnos,1982. HOFF, Paul. O Pentateuco . Miami, Flórida:Vida, 1985. MESQUITA, Antonio Neves de.Estudo no livro de êxodo .4 ed. Rio de janeiro: JUERP, 1979. NAIR, S. E. Mc. Pequeno dicionário bíblico . 4 ed. Teresópolis.RJ: Casa Editora Evangélica, 1947.
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